Bullying Is A Common Problem - 881 Words

Bullying is a common problem. Bullying is very negative and creates bigger problems for society. Since many people don`t take bullying serious, they are often left shocked and confused when an incident occurs as a result of bullying. This essay is about dealing with bullying and one teens desparate struggle to deal with the issue; which ultimately led to her suicide at the age of 15. There are many forms of bullying. Two types of bullying that Amanda experienced was emotional bullying, which includes spreading rumors, manipulating social relationships, or engaging in social exclusion, extortion, or intimidation and physical bullying which involves hitting, kicking, spitting, pushing, and taking personal belongings. The second form of bullying is sexual bullying, which involves sexual harassment and sexual abuse. (Regoli, Hewitt, Delisi,2014). There are many emotions experienced, when someone is bullied. Despite the fact, it might not show intially, a lot could be going on internally. As a result of being bullied Amanda experienced anxiety, major depression, and panic disorder. She handled with it by revolving to drugs, alcohol, and sex. In return, she suffered more pain and cause damaged to herself, as she struggled to be accepted by her peers, find someone who cares, and just to mean something to someone. Reading Amanda story I felt a sense of pity for her. I had many questions as to how she could literally feel like she has no one. Did she post her video,Show MoreRelatedBullying Is A Common Problem Among Children And Adolescents996 Words   |  4 PagesBullying is a common problem among children and adolescents (Wang, Nansel, Lannotti, 2011). Bullying takes different forms include physical (hitting), verbal (name-calling), and rational (social isolation) which are typically known as traditional bullying or cyber bullying which occurs on the internet (Wang, Nansel, Lannotti, 2011). The purpose of the paper is to examine the situations and contexts that promote cyber and traditional bullying by reviewing studies that suggest (1) increased technologyRead MoreBullying Effects900 Words   |  4 PagesCauses and Effects of Bullying Every year, approximately 7 percent of students report to being bullied (â€Å"Physical†). Most people know bullying is wrong, but it continues to play a dominating role in the lives of adolescents. Whether the bullying was done by spreading rumors, calling someone names or through the Internet, there are many different causes of bullying, why it occurs, and how it effects the victim. The causes of bullying can influence how the bully decides to target a victim. VictimsRead MoreBullying And The Act Of Bullying Essay1660 Words   |  7 Pages----------- One may assume bullying in schools was all too common. And of course, in the end, they would absolutely right. For whether one has been the victim of bullying or, perhaps, a perpetrator of it, themselves, one has no doubt been exposed to stories of bullies through friends and family, as much as through movies and media. Indeed, it seems like bullying itself is a theme inseperable theme from one’s childhood or adolescent experience inc school. Whether was the victim of it or not, theyRead MoreBullying Is The Rise Across The Nation1636 Words   |  7 PagesBullying is on the rise across the nation. According to the National Center for Educational Statistics, 30 percent of students of students were bullied during the 2010-2011 school year. Whether verbal or physical, bullying has a negative effect on the victims. Students who are bullied often experience depression, loneliness, anxiety, and isolation. The common types of bullying in a school setting are physical and verbal. With the rise in the use of social media, cyberbullying has become a big problemRead MoreBullying Is A Modern Threat Of The Security Of Many People Around The World1726 Words   |  7 Pagesin their life. Bullying can be so extreme that it can bring physical harm to some people. Bullying is a modern threat to the security of many people around the world. To figure out the personality of a bully we need to define types of bullying, causes of bullying, traits of bullies and possible cures of bullying. The first subject that needs clarification is the types of bullying. There are many different types of bullying in the modern world. There are four basic types of bullying; there is physicalRead MoreWhy Bullying Is Bad Or Bad?1391 Words   |  6 Pagesthere are speculations to this problem. Many causes to why people bully one another is because the bully has insecurities of their own, they are jealous of their victim, family problems arise, and they like having the power that bullying has on others. Not only does bullying affect many throughout the world, but there is many different types of bullying that affect many people. There are commonly four different types of bullying. These include physical bullying, in which is when one hits, punchesRead MoreBullying in School Should Not be Taken Lightly Essay1709 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction to the problem Life as we know it today is full of many problems. Among all of the problems, bullying is likely to be the most serious and probably the worst. Statistics show that one in seven children in grades K-12 have either been bullied or are a bully. It’s likely that the issue of bullying is most common among teens. It is said that 30% of teens have been involved in bullying, as either the bully or the victim. Bullying is also common in the college and workplaces but it isRead MoreBullying : Bullying And Bullying985 Words   |  4 PagesBullying You may hear the word bullying a lot but never actually knew what it meant, well know is the time to know and be aware of what’s happening around you. Bullying is the use of force, threat, or aggressively dominate others. Bullying is common worldwide but there are specific types that are more common than others, there are four types of common bullying one of them is verbal bullying meaning when someone calls another person name, treating, and making disrespectful comments about someone isRead MoreBullying Is A Serious Issue852 Words   |  4 Pagesoverlooked. This issue happens to be bullying. Many people would be led to believe that bullying is something that only takes place in schools, commonly among younger children. Contrary to what many may think, this is extremely inaccurate. Bullying takes place before our eyes each and every day. Bullying can take place at school, work, and online. This issue is something that should be addressed by everyone and should be avoided at all costs. What is bullying? Bullying is defined as â€Å"repeated acts ofRead MoreThe Horrific World of Bullying Essay1573 Words   |  7 Pagesthey have experienced bullying; 20 percent of them being in grades 9-12 alone (Bullying Definition). Bullying has been and will continue to be a major problem around the world; it creates many problems for everyone involved. Bullying has many definitions. Each person defines it differently based on what he or she believes. Some people believe that bullying is an attempt to control someone. Others believe that bullying is just students causing pain to their peers. To me, bullying is putting others down

Colonialism In Heart Of Darkness By Achebe - 1488 Words

Achebe’s novel ends on a western narration of colonialism that describes Africa as a place that drives civilized men to madness, which is ironically reversed when the white men drive Okonkwo to suicide. After Okonkwo’s entire life story, The Commissioner and the white men have colonized and taken over the country. The Commissioner’s narration at the end is him reflecting on the book he would write, â€Å"The Pacification of the Primitive Tribes of the Lower Niger,† which summarizes Okonkow’s novel length story into â€Å"a whole chapter†¦perhaps not a whole chapter but a reasonable paragraph,† since â€Å"there was so much else to include† (146). The Commissioner claims that including how they (Europeans) brought â€Å"civilization to different parts of†¦show more content†¦Eugene also encompasses extreme faith in religion as a Catholic, which has been instilled in him during the colonization of Nigeria. Just as the col onizers used religion and â€Å"humanitarian† efforts to justify colonization, Eugene uses his religion to justify his abuse and control in order to â€Å"colonize† his family, repeatedly reminding them that, â€Å"everything I do for you, I do for your own good† (196). He has an impossible view of perfection that involves abandoning all trace of his Nigerian past, disowning his traditional Nigerian father, limiting contract with his sister Ifeoma and her children, and even his own language. Eugene constantly attempts to be more English by speaking in a British accent, which is impossible. These impossible standards effect everyone close to him, so much so that Kambili imagines God as an old white Englishman with a British accent. Yet he is still seen as superior and heroic, much like westerns when compared to countries that are victim of a single story. Although Eugene is an embodiment of colonialism, he does not realize that he will always be a Nigerian outsid er to the English who has learned new tricks. 5. Purple Hibiscus. Discuss the reasons that the novel’s ending, while hopeful, is not quite a happyShow MoreRelatedPost Colonialism Is Not A Reference Of Time Essay1237 Words   |  5 PagesPost colonialism is not a reference of time; rather it is the literary theory that encompasses the global interactions of humans after colonization and imperialist rule dominated the world. The ultimate definition is still in the wakes of developing, so there is no box this particular word can smoothly fit into. This is a literary theory; it is a lens to take in order to understand the truthfulness of all perspectives in a story. A baseline of post colonialism lies in the definition of both termsRead MoreJoseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness1488 Words   |  6 PagesJoseph Conrad’s s novel Heart of Darkness portrays an image of Africa that is dark and inhuman. Not only does he describe the actual, physical continent of Africa as â€Å"so hopeless and so dark, so impenetrable to huma n thought, so pitiless to human weakness†, (Conrad 154) as though the continent could neither breed nor support any true human life. Conrad lived through a time when European colonies were scattered all over the world. This phenomenon and the doctrine of colonialism bought into at his timeRead MoreThings Fall Apart And Heart Of Darkness Analysis910 Words   |  4 PagesSociological Approach to Compare Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart with Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness In everyday life, we are always comparing, even subconsciously with even knowing it. When we compare things, we look at what the similarities are in said items such as a popular brand or a generic one. Comparing things such as two literary works, Things Fall Apart, by Chinua Achebe, and, Heart of Darkness, by Joseph Conrad, both have a lot of similarities that we will look at. In Things FallRead MoreHeart of Darkness1699 Words   |  7 PagesJoseph Conrad’s s novel â€Å"Heart of Darkness† portrays an image of Africa that is dark and inhuman. Not only does he describe the actual, physical continent of Africa as â€Å"so hopeless and so dark, so impenetrable to human thought, so pitiless to human weakness†, (Conrad 2180) as though the continent could neither breed nor support any true human life. Conrad lived through a time when European colonies were scattered all over the world. This phenomenon and the doctrine of colonialism bought into at his timeRead MoreEssay on Images of Africa in Heart of Darkness and Things Fall Apart2228 Words   |  9 PagesImages of Africa in Heart of Darkness and Things Fall Apart  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   Joseph Conrads novel Heart of Darkness portrays an image of Africa that is dark and inhuman.   Not only does he describe the actual, physical continent of Africa as so hopeless and so dark, so impenetrable to human thought, so pitiless to human weakness (Conrad 94), as though the continent could neither breed nor support any true human life, but he also manages to depict Africans as though they are not worthy of the respectRead MoreHeart of Darkness on the Flaws of Imperial Authority1024 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Heart of Darkness† on the Flaws of Imperial Authority Throughout Joseph Conrad’s â€Å"Heart of Darkness† despite the many conditions of the described Africa most if not all the characters agree that these conditions indeed differ from the conditions found in Europe. In working through conversations with Chinua Achebe’s Colonialist Criticism and An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrads Heart of Darkness it can be brought to light that not only is Conrad’s â€Å"Heart of Darkness† a novel that criticizesRead More Essay Contrasting Images in Things Fall Apart and Heart of Darkness2233 Words   |  9 PagesContrasting Images in Things Fall Apart and Heart of Darkness  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Joseph Conrad’s novel Heart of Darkness portrays an image of Africa that is dark and inhuman.   Not only does he describe the actual, physical continent of Africa as â€Å"so hopeless and so dark, so impenetrable to human thought, so pitiless to human weakness† (Conrad 94), as though the continent could neither breed nor support any true human life, but he also manages to depict Africans as though they are not worthy of the respectRead MorePostcolonial Literature: Uncovering Western Myths Essay1309 Words   |  6 PagesAfrica has been the embodiment of european perspectives before and after the Colonialism; these perspectives have attempted to provide insights on the facts behind it. In those terms, Africa has been reduced an atmosphere of concepts such as deep darkness, mystery, and madness, a place in which attrocities arise at any time of the day, and people are savages and chaotic. From that colonialist viewpoint, Africa was a place that needed help and control urgently in order to save it form itself and civilizeRead MoreEssay about Heart of Darkness1745 Words   |  7 Pagesdepth review of Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, a classical novella that illustrates without bias the motives behind human intentions and the extremes individuals can go to achieve wealth and profits at the expense of others with the aim of shedding insight into the rise of European imperialism, the imperial history, its politics and evil activities in the colonized African tribes along the river Congo during the eighteenth and nineteenth century. The Heart of Darkness is an exceptionally figurativeRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart Essay1347 Words   |  6 PagesSociety Chinua Achebe is the author of when Things Fall Apart while Joseph Conrad authored Heart of Darkness. Conrad and Achebe set their individual titles in Africa; Achebe is an African writer whereas Conrad is Polish-British. The authors draw strength from their backgrounds to validity the authenticity of their fictional novels. Conrad writes from his experiences in the British and French navies while Achebe uses his African heritage. The theme of culture is prevalent in both Conrad’s Heart of Darkness

Drugs and Homeostasis Free Essays

1. ) Clinical Depression – is the most frequently encountered mental illness. Clinical depression is now considered a physical condition in which there is a fault in the brain chemistry. We will write a custom essay sample on Drugs and Homeostasis or any similar topic only for you Order Now It may afflict up to 5% or more of the population. Symptoms of depression include a distinct change in mood accompanied with an extreme feeling of hopelessness. Other symptoms include: loss of appetite; weight loss; headaches; sleeplessness; loss of energy; and tiredness. Symptoms of anxiety are also quite common. Suicide is common in about 15% of depressed patients. Bipolar Disorder – is also known as manic depression. It affects about 5 in 1000 people. It is characterized by severe mood swings ranging from mania to depression, with normal periods in between. During a manic phase, the individual may think that they are invincible, behave recklessly or believe in delusions such as ones of fame. During the depressive phase, the individual loses interest in their usual activities, may sleep excessively or suffer from insomnia. They may also be at risk of suicide during the depressive stage. Schizophrenia – includes disturbance of thought patterns, disturbance of affective reactions and autism or withdrawal. Secondary symptoms include hallucinations, delusions and paranoia. These symptoms all represent a loss of contact with reality. 2. ) Alcohol – is probably the most commonly abused drug in society. Of all abused drugs, it is presently the only one considered legal upon reaching of age. It has been a large part of our culture for many years and is often associated with social functions and celebrations. However, alcohol use definitely has its dark side. It is known to alter personalities and cause people to behave in manner outside their normal personalities. A night of abusing alcohol can lead embarrassment and regret once the effects have worn off. Poor judgment while drinking alcohol can lead to making deadly decisions such as drunk driving. Also, people have abused alcohol to the extent they vomit in their sleep and choke to death. Marijuana – is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) works by binding to CB1 receptors found on presynaptic membranes in the brain. These receptors function in blunting pain. THC also causes the release of the neurotransmitter dopamine which elevates mood and controls muscle movements. It has the ability of enabling the user to block out pain, frustration or confusion. In high concentrations can cause hallucinations, anxiety, depression, and psychotic symptoms. Smoking marijuana can cause lung cancer, sinusitis, and bronchitis. It increases the level of carbon monoxide in the blood which, in turn, reduces the amount of oxygen reaching the heart. Long term use can result in: impaired speech; memory loss; difficulty in understanding complex ideas; insomnia; impaired visual perception; and infertility. Cocaine – Cocaine is derived from the plant Erthoxylon coca and can be inhaled, smoked or injected. It results in a feeling of euphoria followed by depression. Cocaine acts by first stimulating the release of norepinephrine and dopamine and in higher doses the release of serotonin. Cocaine then interferes with the re-uptake of these neurotransmitters and these neurotransmitters build up in the synapse. Prolonged use will cause the body to produce less dopamine and the user will need more cocaine. Side effects include mental impairment, convulsions, hallucinations, stroke, heart attack and death. Heroin – is a highly addictive derivative of morphine. It is normally injected but can also be snorted or smoked. It operates by binding to ophioid receptors in the brain in which natural chemical endorphins are involved in the relief of pain. Prolonged use can cause less endorphin production. Side effects include: depressed respiration; impaired coordination; and decreased tolerance to pain; long term effects can include: collapsed veins; infections of heart valves and liver disease. Death can result from overdose. Rohypnol – is a drug associated with rave parties and comes from the benzodiazepine family. It is considered to be the â€Å"date rape† drug and has become famous for its use in committing sexual assault. It is often given to an unsuspecting victim by dissolving it in beverage while they are unaware. It is similar to Valium TM but has ten times its strength. In combination with alcohol, it can be deadly. Rohypnol is highly addictive and has severe withdrawal symptoms. Its use can cause deep sedation, respiratory distress, blackouts for up 24 hours, and amnesia. Ecstasy – is known as Methylene Dioxy Meth Amphetamine (MDMA) and has street names such as X, Rolls, E, Adam, Beans and Buddies. The initial use of ecstasy results in: increased heart rate; increased blood pressure; dilation of pupils and bronchi; brain stimulation; increased motor activity; tightening of jaw muscles; grinding of jaws; overheating; sweating; heat stroke; and dehydration. The long-term use of ecstasy can result in irreparable brain damage. 3. ) Higher doses of designer drugs can result in paranoia, depression and violent irrational behaviour. In general, designer drugs can create a wide range of physical problems such as: hypertension; uncontrolled tremors; total paralysis; seizures; permanent drain damage; and death. . ) Opioids – are typically used to treat pain. They can produce a feeling of euphoria by affecting regions of the brain that enable us to perceive pleasure. However, they can result in physical dependence and addiction. Tolerance of opioids can result in the need to take higher doses to achieve the same effect. Withdrawal will cause: restlessness; muscle and bone pain; ins omnia; diarrhea; vomiting; cold flashes; goose bumps; and involuntary leg movements. A large dose can lead to respiratory depression resulting in death. CNS Depressants – often used to treat anxiety and sleep disorders by slowing normal brain function. Common CNS depressants include barbiturates and Valium TM. Most CNS depressants act on the brain by affecting the neurotransmitter gammaaminobutryic acid (GABA). The function of GABA in the human body is to decrease brain activity. Therefore, increased doses will create the drowsy effect required to treat anxiety and sleep disorders. Individuals can build a tolerance to CNS depressants over time and require larger doses. Withdrawals can cause the opposite effects of the drug. The mind can race out of control, possibly resulting in seizures and other problems. Stimulants – used to treat narcolepsy, obesity, depression, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These drugs enhance brain activity and result in increased alertness, energy, elevated blood pressure, increased heart rate and respiration. Examples of stimulants include Ritalin TM and Dexandrine TM. The chemical structure of stimulants is similar to the chemical structure of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine. Stimulants work by increasing the amount of these neurotransmitters to the brain. An increase in dopamine results in an increase in blood pressure, increase in heart rate, constriction of blood vessels, increase in blood glucose and it opens the pathways of the respiratory system. Stimulants do not result in physical dependence or withdrawal. However, they can be used compulsively and high doses repeatedly can lead to feelings of hostility and paranoia. High doses can cause body temperatures to rise to a dangerously high level. They can also create an irregular heartbeat leading to the risk of cardiovascular failure. There is also the potential of lethal seizures. Extensions: 1. ) The pros of marijuana are that they are less harmful to use then alcohol, It also reliefs us from pain and reduces spasticity due to multiple sclerosis. It has been shown to help sufferers of severe arthritis. It can be used as an anti – epileptic and anti – depressant. It is also believed to be less addictive then many prescribed painkillers. The cons of marijuana in the treatment of chronic pain are that It increases the level of carbon monoxide in the blood which, in turn, reduces the amount of oxygen reaching the heart. Repeated use tends to lead to the inability to deal with everyday challenges. Long term use can result in: impaired speech; memory loss; difficulty in understanding complex ideas; insomnia; impaired visual perception; and infertility. Marijuana use has also been linked to reducing immunity towards disease. 2. ) The cause of manic depression is still uncertain. There appears to be a genetic link and episodes can also be triggered by stress. Chemical changes are also being studied. Manic behaviour is believed due to a high level of noradrenergic activity. This activity continues until the neurotransmitters system is depleted. It is believed that lithium may prevent mania by preventing noradrenalin depletion. 3. ) Marijuana should be legalized. For one, it is less harmful than alcohol. If they legalized it, it would allow for better regulation and taxation of the drug. It would also save money in law enforcement. Many grave that prohibition of the drugs like marijuana supports organized crime, others raise concerns about addictions and health problems. There are also concerns that it may be the â€Å"gateway† to the abuse of more dangerous drugs. How to cite Drugs and Homeostasis, Papers

Business Model Concept and Innovation Theoretical Construction

Question: Discuss about the Business Model Concept and Innovationfor Theoretical Construction. Answer: Introduction The business model is a theoretical construction supporting the goals, purpose, and viability to achieve individual goals. Purposes are part of the model that specifies how the organization performs its operation. Value drivers and value proposition define business model(Fields, 2016) .Business value drivers entails the brand and market plan, outstanding customers loyalty and knowledge, innovative product and product development, effectiveness and consistent in the product delivery. Therefore, value proposition determines the direction of the company; this is because the high the level of the value proposition the high the number of the potential customers. Hence, the business changes value propositions to achieve rapid growth and high-profit margin. While there are many different definitions of business models, there is an emerging consensus that the concept provides a holistic description of how firms create and appropriate value through interaction with its surrounding environment (Zott Amit, 2010) .Therefore, business model determines how the business generate revenue opportunities by selling its products; because of either minimal marketing strategy or lower cost of the supply of the raw materials. Of utmost importance is that the companys core principles are strategies, customers, organizational structures, business process, and operational policies (Rainey, 2010). Therefore, the business model of an organization, is how the company makes, provides and realize value as result of the environment where it is operating; social, economic or cultural environment Due to the changing in the consumption behavior and technology, the current business model should always not be static; not change as the firm runs its operation (Rainey, 2010). Business model should be dynamic due to the changes to the competitors venturing in the market segment with better business model. The way business creates and captures value propositions undergoing a very rapid change. When managers in the organization compete with a different model, the outcomes of the operation will differ. Competitive advantage can arise as a good modeling goes through cycles. It is important for the managers to make the right choices for the right model. New and old companies can market their business activities through technology advance to create the right model. The strategic objectives are important in the conceptualizing the idea which should be different from another competitor(Rainey, 2010). Development and sustainability of the concept is a result of core competencies of the organization and competitive positioning. Thus, conceptualization of the business idea to achieve the success of the innovation is by proper core competencies, targeting market and competitive positioning. For the examples, advancement of the technology makes company to change the business model. The business will fail if it does not match its technology with business modeling. Small business is not affected by the technology, and therefore the business modeling is not crucial to its operation. Static and dynamic business model differ in the business operation. Static business model is with small companies who intend not changes they process in the long run. Big enterprise should employ the dynamic business model to go with current technology as also to be competitive level with the close competitor (Zott Amit, 2010). The designing business model requires innovator and manager to have precise knowledge about the intelligent system, market research, and modern innovation. Business should organize its value chains and value capture to deliver the product required by the consumers. New to technology Third study Design and innovation Fourth study Business in value creation Familiar to technology First study Antecedents and consequences Business concept perception Second study Innovation and clarity in business model Old business model New business model Hybrid framework of business model(Baden-Fuller Morgan, 2010) The first quadrant conceptualizes antecedences and its consequences(Teece, 2010). There is a proper understanding of the concept and focuses precisely on academic journals. The second quadrant involves clarity and openness to the technology and external environment. Therefore, establishment is based on the existing technology. For instances the automobile industries. The third quadrant: focuses on the novelty and efficiency (Zott Amit, 2010).for example automated electronics like electric drives or testing equipment Fourth quadrants: identifies element of change and represents new technology; depicts the structure, content, and governance. Managers should make sure that the business model of the partnering business is achievable. On working on the firm model, partnering is one of the options one can consider(Zhang, 2009). The business model innovation beings with the consumers as an initial stage; how consumer perceives the changes to design such as new pricing, delivery, and new features. One needs to consider the market sizing, resources, functionality and time to market. In partnering design process, the partner should check if the partnering has innovation that you need to deliver to your potential customer(George Bock, 2012). The partnership consists of four processes; understand, design, evaluates and compare. Understanding means that your potential partner business model defines how the business operates. In design, partner weighs on the potential partnership when comparing the two models. Comparing is where partner look for the value that s (he) does not have and check if they can groove together(Piperopoulos, 2012). Evaluation, as to take place to test the impact of the other partner business model at this stage partners, should make a clear hypothesis to make sure every partner understand every aspect of it. Running a partnership requires operation cost, and therefore one should estimate business model if the transfer activity will have a substantial effect on resources, or if your partner can compensate .After calculation of the cost, innovation now is achievable, and two businesses can operate interdependently. Partnership opportunity can break if the one of the partners does not have appropriate value creation and value appropriation. Design contents are where the firm examines competition of the action and sequence and look for someone to perform those activities. Zott and Amit 2009 consider the content design and themes design in business design model as crucial (Zott Amit, 2010). In value creation, the theme's design is the most dominant value of the system. Design themes consist of the modeling and companys description like the channel of distribution, value appropriation, cost structuring, targeting segment and customers relationship. Zott and Amit views model in business as cost leadership and differentiation which comprises the market choices. For the new introduction of the product to the market, the business model is vital for, however, if the managers adopt the individual model to change it to the new one due to technology will be at big task due to the internal and external environment(Chesbrough, 2010). Conceptualization of the business is series of the dependent dealings establishing the business. Leaders integrate these events to form a business activity system. The revenue design compliments the model plan and product design correlates to the price strategies. Value appropriation depends on how the competitor puts pressure on the others firms Activity system enables businesses in the holistic system rather than on product activity(Berglund Sandstrm, 2013). Business conceptualization and business model innovation assists new theoretical development .The operation systems could be vital in developing the business model design which is predictive .researchers and scholars are unable to piece together between individual actions, model performance, and team activities. Conclusion The research focuses on the intra-firm factors since the consensus is that there is no clear definition and understanding of the business model innovation. There is a restriction of the firms to work since there is no bureaucracy control over others. Companies tend to fear the business model innovation due to competition over resources with large companies. The firm will fear to pursue such initiative due to the uncertainties of changes in the business model innovation. There is importance of establishing social norms and institutions; which basis on trust and business ethics. Secondly, knowledge sharing is vital to overcome the challenges of BMI across an independent organization. The success of the BMI does not depend on the hierarchical position one have in the firm. Therefore, businesses should look on how to incentive the parties participating. The research on the BMI is yet to be done thoroughly, thus theory development need to conclude the challenges and solution on business m odel innovation. References Baden-Fuller, C., Morgan, M. (2010). Business models as models. Long range planning, 43(2),. Berglund, H., Sandstrm, C. (2013). Business model innovation from an open systems perspective: structural challenges and managerial solutions. International Journal of Product Development, 18(3-4), 274-285. Chesbrough, H. (2010). Business model innovation: opportunities and barriers. In Long range planning (pp. 43(2), 354-363.). Fields, Z. (2016). Incorporating business models and strategies into social entrepreneurship. Hershey, PA: Business Science Reference. George, G., Bock, A. (2012). Models of opportunity: How entrepreneurs design firms to achieve the unexpected. Cambridge University Press. Piperopoulos, P. (2012). Entrepreneurship, innovation and business clusters. Farnham: Gower. Rainey, D. (2010). Sustainable business development: inventing the future through strategy, innovation, and leadership. Cambridge: Rainey, D. L. (2010). Sustainable business development: inventing Cambridge University Press. Teece, D. (2010). Business models, business strategy and innovation. In Long range planning (pp. 43(2), 172-194.). Zhang, X. (2009). Values, expectations, ad hoc rules, and culture emergence in international cross-cultural management contexts. New York: Nova Science . Zott, C., Amit, R. (2010). Business model design: an activity system perspective. In Long range planning (pp. 43(2), 216-226).